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How to Store Your Air Conditioner For Winter Safely and Properly
Can I store my air conditioner outside for the winter? Yes, you can store your air conditioner outside for the winter, but it requires proper preparation and protection to prevent damage from the elements. Storing an air conditioner properly for the winter is crucial to prolong its lifespan and ensure it works efficiently when you need it again. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the steps for safe and effective air conditioner winter storage, focusing on protecting your unit and providing detailed advice for various AC types.
As the temperature drops and the need for cooling wanes, it’s time to think about AC winterization. This process is more than just unplugging your unit; it’s about preserving its functionality and preventing costly repairs down the line. Whether you have a central air system or a window unit, proper AC maintenance off-season is key to its longevity. This guide will cover everything from preparing your outdoor AC unit storage to safeguarding your window AC unit winter storage.
Preparing Your Air Conditioner For Winter Storage
Before you can properly store your air conditioner, several preparatory steps are essential. These steps ensure that moisture, dirt, and extreme temperatures do not compromise the internal components.
Thorough Cleaning: The First Step in AC Unit Preparation Winter
A clean air conditioner is a happy air conditioner, especially when heading into storage. Dust, debris, and grime can lead to corrosion and impede airflow when you reactivate the unit.
For Window Air Conditioners:
- Unplug the Unit: Always disconnect the power before any cleaning.
- Remove the Filter: Most window AC units have a removable air filter. Gently wash it with mild soap and water, or follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Allow it to dry completely before reinserting or storing separately.
- Clean the Exterior: Wipe down the plastic casing with a damp cloth. For stubborn grime, a mild all-purpose cleaner can be used sparingly. Avoid spraying water directly onto the unit or into vents.
- Clean the Coils: The evaporator and condenser coils are critical components. You can use a soft brush or a specialized coil cleaner (follow product instructions carefully). Be gentle to avoid bending the delicate fins.
- Check for Debris: Inspect the fan blades and interior for any accumulated leaves, twigs, or other debris. A vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment can be helpful here.
For Central Air Conditioner (Outdoor Unit):
The outdoor unit of a central air conditioner also requires cleaning before winter.
- Turn Off Power at the Breaker: Crucially, locate your home’s electrical panel and switch off the circuit breaker dedicated to the outdoor AC unit. Never rely solely on the thermostat.
- Clear Debris Around the Unit: Remove any leaves, grass clippings, branches, or other debris that has accumulated around and on top of the outdoor unit. This ensures proper ventilation if any air can still pass through and prevents potential nesting sites for pests.
- Clean the Fins: The fins on the condenser unit can become clogged with dirt and debris. You can gently spray them with a garden hose from the inside out. Avoid high-pressure washers, as they can bend the fins. Specialized coil cleaner can also be used if the unit is particularly dirty, but ensure you rinse it thoroughly.
- Straighten Bent Fins: If you notice any bent fins, use a fin comb (available at most hardware stores) to carefully straighten them. This improves airflow and efficiency.
- Inspect the Fan: Ensure the fan blades are clean and free from obstructions.
Draining and Protecting Internal Components
Moisture is the enemy of stored electronics. Properly draining your air conditioner is vital to prevent freezing and corrosion.
For Window Air Conditioners:
Many window AC units have a slight tilt to allow condensation to drain out. Ensure this drain hole is clear of any blockages. If your unit has a drain pan, it’s a good idea to empty it manually.
For Central Air Conditioner (Outdoor Unit):
The outdoor unit of a central air conditioner is designed to allow water to drain. However, it’s good practice to check the drain pan and ensure it’s clear of debris that might impede drainage. In colder climates, some installers may recommend covering the top of the unit with a breathable cover that still allows some airflow but prevents snow and ice from accumulating inside the fan housing.
Securing and Covering Your Air Conditioner for Winter
Once your air conditioner is clean and dry, the next step is to protect it from the elements during the colder months. This is where AC covers for winter come into play.
Choosing the Right AC Cover for Winter
The type of cover you need depends on whether you are storing an outdoor AC unit storage or a window unit.
For Window Air Conditioners:
- Indoor Storage: If you have the space and can bring your window AC unit indoors, this is the ideal scenario. Store it in a dry, climate-controlled environment like a basement, garage, or attic.
- Outdoor Storage (with cover): If indoor storage isn’t an option, a custom-fit, weather-resistant AC cover is essential. Look for covers made from durable, waterproof materials like vinyl or heavy-duty polyester. These covers should fit snugly to prevent wind from getting underneath and causing damage.
- Breathability: Ensure the cover has some degree of breathability to prevent moisture buildup inside, which can lead to mold and mildew. Vented covers are often a good choice.
- Securing the Cover: Use straps, bungee cords, or a drawstring to secure the cover firmly. This prevents it from being blown off by strong winds.
For Central Air Conditioner (Outdoor Unit):
- Specialized Outdoor Unit Covers: For central AC units, specialized covers are available. These are typically made of heavy-duty, waterproof material and are designed to fit the shape of the outdoor condenser unit.
- Top Cover: Often, just a top cover is sufficient, protecting the fan and internal components from direct precipitation. These covers usually have straps to secure them.
- Full Unit Cover: In very harsh climates, a full unit cover might be considered, but it’s crucial that these are breathable and don’t trap moisture. Consult your HVAC professional before using a full cover.
- Purpose of Covers: The primary goal is to keep snow, ice, leaves, and debris out of the unit’s internal workings, especially the fan motor and electrical components.
Positioning for Optimal Storage
Proper positioning can also aid in protecting your unit.
- Window Units: If storing a window unit indoors, place it on a stable surface, ideally at a slight angle so any residual moisture can drain away.
- Outdoor Units: Ensure the outdoor unit is stable and level. While it’s already installed, it’s good to confirm it hasn’t shifted. If using a top cover, make sure it’s centered and secured tightly.
Storing Central Air Conditioner Components
Storing a central air conditioner for winter involves protecting the outdoor unit. The indoor components, like the furnace and air handler, are typically part of your heating system and do not require separate storage.
Outdoor Unit Protection: A Deep Dive
The outdoor condenser unit is exposed to the elements year-round, but winter presents unique challenges.
Preventing Ice and Snow Accumulation
Heavy snowfall and ice can accumulate on and inside the outdoor unit, potentially damaging the fan blades, motor, and other delicate parts.
- Using a Breathable Cover: As mentioned, a good quality, breathable cover is crucial. It should fit snugly and have secure tie-downs.
- Considering a Frame: In very snowy regions, some homeowners opt for a slightly elevated frame or cover that keeps the unit entirely above anticipated snow levels. This is a more advanced measure and might require professional installation.
Protecting Against Pests
The quiet, enclosed space of an AC unit can be an attractive nesting place for rodents and other pests during the winter.
- Sealing Entry Points: Inspect the unit for any small openings where pests might enter. Some specialized covers have mesh to prevent pest entry while allowing airflow.
- Strategic Placement of Repellents: In some cases, placing non-toxic pest deterrents around the unit (not inside it) might be considered, but always ensure they won’t attract pests to the unit itself.
Electrical Component Care
The electrical components are particularly vulnerable to moisture and corrosion.
- Dryness is Key: The primary way to protect electrical components is by keeping the unit dry. A good cover is the first line of defense.
- Professional Inspection: Before storing, and certainly before restarting in spring, having a qualified HVAC technician inspect the unit can catch any potential issues with wiring or connections.
Storing Window AC Unit Specifics
Window air conditioners are more portable, offering more storage options, but they also require careful handling.
Indoor Storage of Window AC Units
This is the preferred method if possible.
Preparation for Indoor Storage
- Clean Thoroughly: As detailed earlier, a complete clean is essential.
- Dry Completely: Ensure all parts are thoroughly dry before packing.
- Original Packaging (if available): If you still have the original box and foam inserts, use them. They are designed to protect the unit during transport and storage.
- Protective Wrap: If the original packaging is not available, wrap the unit in a thick blanket, moving pads, or plastic sheeting to protect it from dust and scratches.
- Secure Straps: Use straps to keep the protective wrap in place and to make carrying easier.
Ideal Storage Locations
- Basement or Garage: These are common choices, but ensure they are dry. If prone to dampness, consider using a dehumidifier.
- Attic: While an option, attics can experience significant temperature fluctuations, which may not be ideal for electronics over the long term.
- Closet: A spare closet can be a good option if space allows.
Outdoor Storage of Window AC Units (When Indoor is Not Possible)
If you must store a window AC unit outdoors, extreme caution and the right materials are necessary.
Ensuring Maximum Protection
- Sturdy, Waterproof Cover: Use a cover specifically designed for window AC units or a durable tarp that completely encloses the unit.
- Elevate the Unit: Do not place the unit directly on the ground. Use wooden blocks or pallets to elevate it, preventing moisture from seeping in from the ground and allowing for better airflow underneath.
- Secure Against Wind: Ensure the cover is securely fastened with bungee cords, ropes, or weights to prevent it from blowing away.
- Location Choice: Store it in a sheltered location, such as under an overhang, on a porch, or against the side of your house, away from direct wind and heavy precipitation.
AC Maintenance Off-Season: More Than Just Storage
AC maintenance off-season is not just about storing the unit; it’s also about preparing it for its return to service.
Pre-Winter Check-up
- Professional Inspection: Consider having your HVAC system checked by a professional before winter. They can identify any potential issues that might worsen during storage or impact your heating system.
- Inspect Wiring and Connections: Look for any signs of wear or damage to the electrical wiring.
Preparing for Spring Re-activation
- Reverse the Process: When spring arrives, the process of unpacking and re-installing your AC will be the reverse of storage.
- Inspect Before Re-installation: Before re-installing, inspect the unit for any signs of damage, corrosion, or pest infestation that may have occurred during storage.
- Clean Again: Give the unit another quick clean, especially the filter, before re-installing and turning it on.
Table: AC Winterization Checklist
| Task | Window AC Unit | Central AC Outdoor Unit | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Power Off | Yes (Unplug) | Yes (Breaker) | Ensure power is completely disconnected. |
| Clean Unit Thoroughly | Yes | Yes | Remove dust, debris, leaves, and grime. |
| Clean/Replace Filter | Yes | N/A | Wash or replace filter. |
| Clean Coils and Fins | Yes | Yes | Gentle cleaning is essential. |
| Check and Clear Drain Holes/Pans | Yes | Yes | Ensure proper drainage. |
| Dry Unit Completely | Yes | Yes | Prevent moisture damage. |
| Inspect for Pests/Damage | Yes | Yes | Look for any signs of rodent activity or physical damage. |
| Choose Storage Method | Indoor/Outdoor | Outdoor | Indoor storage is preferred for window units. |
| Apply Protective Cover | Yes | Yes | Use weather-resistant, breathable covers. |
| Secure Cover Tightly | Yes | Yes | Prevent wind damage and pests. |
| Elevate if Storing Outdoors | Yes | N/A | Keep off the ground. |
| Consider Professional Inspection | Optional | Recommended | Before winter and before spring re-activation. |
Common Questions About Storing Air Conditioners
Here are some frequently asked questions regarding air conditioner winter storage.
Q1: Do I need to cover my outdoor AC unit for winter?
A1: Yes, it is highly recommended to cover your outdoor AC unit for winter to protect it from snow, ice, leaves, debris, and pests, which can cause damage and reduce its efficiency.
Q2: Can I use a regular tarp to cover my window AC unit?
A2: While a regular tarp can offer some protection, it’s best to use a cover specifically designed for AC units or a heavy-duty, waterproof tarp that fits snugly. Ensure it’s breathable to prevent moisture buildup.
Q3: What happens if I don’t store my air conditioner properly for winter?
A3: Improper storage can lead to corrosion of internal components, damage from freezing water, motor failure, pest infestations, and a significant reduction in the unit’s lifespan and performance.
Q4: Should I disconnect the refrigerant lines when storing my central air conditioner?
A4: No, you should never disconnect refrigerant lines yourself. This is a task for a qualified HVAC technician. The outdoor unit is designed to remain sealed.
Q5: How often should I check on my stored air conditioner?
A5: While it’s not usually necessary to check frequently, a quick visual inspection every few months can be beneficial to ensure covers are still secure and there are no signs of new issues.
Q6: Can I store my air conditioner in an unheated garage?
A6: An unheated garage is generally acceptable for air conditioner winter storage, provided it is dry. Extreme temperature fluctuations are less of a concern than moisture.
Q7: What is the best way to protect my air conditioner during winter?
A7: The best way is to thoroughly clean it, ensure it’s dry, and then cover it with a weather-resistant, breathable cover that is securely fastened.
Q8: Is it important to perform AC maintenance off-season?
A8: Absolutely. Regular maintenance, including proper cleaning and protection during the off-season, is vital for extending the life of your air conditioner and ensuring it runs smoothly when needed. This is a key part of HVAC winter care.
By following these detailed steps, you can ensure your air conditioner is safely stored for the winter, ready to provide cool comfort when the warmer months return. Proper AC unit preparation winter is an investment in the longevity and efficiency of your cooling system.